Influenza vaccination during pregnancy: Current status, challenges, and recommendations
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17037062Keywords:
Influenza Vaccines, Pregnancy, Maternal Health, Neonatal HealthAbstract
Influenza is an acute respiratory infection that is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Physiological changes during pregnancy can lead to more severe disease progression and an increased risk of complications. Data from influenza pandemics have shown that influenza tends to be more severe in pregnant women and is associated with higher mortality rates. In pregnant women, influenza increases the risk of pneumonia, preterm birth, low birth weight, and maternal death, while in fetuses and newborns, it can lead to neural tube defects and low birth weight. Influenza vaccines have been used safely for over 60 years. Vaccination against influenza during pregnancy can protect not only the mother but also the fetus and newborn from the adverse effects of influenza. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends influenza vaccination during any stage of pregnancy. In Türkiye, the Ministry of Health recommends that all pregnant women in their second and third trimesters receive the seasonal influenza vaccine. Although the influenza vaccine for pregnant women is covered by the national health insurance, coverage rates among pregnant women remain very low. Common reasons for not receiving the vaccine include lack of information, concerns about side effects, lack of recommendation from healthcare providers, and difficulties in accessing the vaccine. Studies have shown that a recommendation from healthcare professionals significantly increases vaccine acceptance among pregnant women. Therefore, to improve vaccination rates, it is recommended to routinely offer influenza vaccination during antenatal care, facilitate access to the vaccine, conduct public information campaigns, and strengthen healthcare workers’ communication skills.
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